Abstract : We are developing a system called Virtual Reality Assisted Surgery
Program (VRASP) for implementation into the hospital operating room.VRASP
will give the surgeon flexibe computational support intraoperatively. It
will permit modiffication and control of very large scan datasets in real
time .It will render and transmit virtual imagery in response to the surgeon's
commands without interfering with normal surgical activities. And it will
register the displayed imagery simultaneously with respect to the surgeon
and the patient,without computing or display lag. The project is designed
in three phases:1)surgery planning, 2) surgery rehearsal and 3) surgery
delivery. The first phase has been implemented,and significant experience
has been gained to facilitate effective design and implementation of the
second and third phases.
VRASP is being developed at Mayo to specifically assist surgeons during
craniofacial, orthopedic,brain and prostate surgery. VRASP will enable
surgeons to interactively visualize 3-D renderings of CT and MRI data with
hands-free manipulation of the virtual display. The surgeon will be able
to scale ,orient and position prescanned body imagery on-line in real time
from any desired perspective. The clinical goal is dynamic fusing of 3-D
body scan data with the actual patient in the operating room. The customized
interface will permit ready ,on-line access to the preoperative plan and
to update measurement and analysis based on the real-time operating room
data. Practing Mayo surgeons are committed to assisting with development,evalution
and deployment of the VRASP system.VRASP will bring to the OR all of the
pre-surgical planning data and rehearsal information in synchrony with
the actual patient and operation in order to optimize the errectiveness
of the procedure,minimize patient morbidity,and reduce health care costs.
Key words: Virtual reality ,Computor assistal surgery,Volume rendering,Patiat-specifie
anatmie models,ANALYZE.
Abstract: The use of a computer graphics workstation for the simulation
and planning of maxillo-facial and cranial surgery is described. The workstation,designed
and developed at University College London, is based on parallel processing
consepts,and creates a display of anatomical surfaces from three dimentional
(3D) datasets generated by Computerised Tomography,Magnetic Resonance and
Ultrasound medical imaging systems.
A widevariety of facilities is The computer software has been written in
response to clinical demand . The manner in which the software allows the
operator to plan surgical procedures and to produce surgical models for
rehearsal and prosthesis manufacture is discussed and illustrated with
case material.
Key words : Computer, Interactive,Modelling, Surgery, Simulation
Abstract: The efficiency of real-time medical three dimentional (3D) imaging
techniques and the possibility of applying virtual reality to medical 3D
imaging are discussed. Attempts to develop two real-time imaging system
using viutual reality are reported. The first is a preoperative surgical
planning system .The second is a computer-aided support for surgical operations
by assesing the topography of surgical field with 3D images. Problem with
the virtual reality technique when used for medical imaging are also discussed
together with future prospects for of medical virtual reality.
Key words : Virtual reality ,3D imaging ,Surgical planning ,Surgical support.
Abstract : Human somatosensory cortex was mapped by f-MRI using EPI time
sequence. Under 1.5 T EPI-f-MRI , brushing sstimulation was applied to
the tongue tip , finger tip and toe tip . Signal increase was observed
in postcentral gyrus after the stimulation with the rising time of about
eight seconds. The activated areas were extracted by t- test which proved
to be distributed in accordance with the previous knowledge of sensory
homunculs. The results indicated that the f-MRI signal change is hightly
representing the neural activities in the cortical area and the method
could be utilized in the surgical navigating system such as NeuroNavigator.
Key words : Somatosensory cortex, f-MRI, Mapping, Surgical navigation.